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医院药学/解毒药表 - 版本历史
2026-04-11T06:58:19Z
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112.247.67.26：以“{{Hierarchy header}} <div><center> {| class="wikitable" width="590" align="center" | width="17%" height="32" valign="top" | 药品名称 | width="14%" height="32" v...”为内容创建页面
2014-02-05T10:54:17Z
<p>以“{{Hierarchy header}} <div><center> {| class="wikitable" width="590" align="center" | width="17%" height="32" valign="top" | 药品名称 | width="14%" height="32" v...”为内容创建页面</p>
<p><b>新页面</b></p><div>{{Hierarchy header}}<br />
<div><center><br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" width="590" align="center"<br />
| width="17%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
药品名称<br />
| width="14%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
剂型规格<br />
| width="9%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
用法<br />
| width="27%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
成人剂量<br />
| width="12%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
小儿剂量<br />
| width="21%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
备注<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
[[解氟灵]](Acetamide)<br />
| width="14%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
5ml<br />
<br />
2.5g<br />
| width="9%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
[[肌注]]<br />
| width="27%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
2-4次／日<br />
| width="12%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
为[[氟乙酰胺中毒]]的解毒剂<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="195" valign="top" |<br />
亚销酸异成戊酯(Amyli Nitrite)<br />
| width="14%" height="195" valign="top" |<br />
玻管<br />
<br />
0.2ml<br />
| width="9%" height="195" valign="top" |<br />
吸入<br />
| width="27%" height="195" valign="top" |<br />
0.2ml／次压碎吸入<br />
| width="12%" height="195" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="195" valign="top" |<br />
用于[[氰化物中毒]]，[[青光眼]]患者慎用；<br />
<br />
急性冠状动脉[[栓塞]]忌用，应同进使用25％－50％[[硫代硫酸钠]]<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="48" valign="top" |<br />
阿朴[[吗啡]](Apomorphine)<br />
| width="14%" height="48" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
| width="9%" height="48" valign="top" |<br />
皮下<br />
| width="27%" height="48" valign="top" |<br />
2-5mg／次极量5mg／次<br />
| width="12%" height="48" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="48" valign="top" |<br />
不宜用于[[麻醉药中毒]]者<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
[[硫酸阿托品]](Atropine Suifate)<br />
| width="14%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
1ml<br />
| width="9%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
皮下或[[静注]]<br />
| width="27%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
与[[氯磷定]]合用物[[有机磷中毒]]：<br />
| width="12%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
每次<br />
<br />
0.01mg/kg<br />
| width="21%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
应早期用药，足量给予，反复应用<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="224" valign="top" |<br />
硫酸阿托品(Atropine Sulfate)<br />
| width="14%" height="224" valign="top" |<br />
0.5mg<br />
<br />
1ml<br />
<br />
1gm<br />
<br />
1ml<br />
<br />
10mg<br />
| width="9%" height="224" valign="top" |<br />
| width="27%" height="224" valign="top" |<br />
0.5-2mg/,15-60分钟1次，病情稳定后渐改单独用于[[解毒]]：0.5-2mg／次，15分钟－2小时皮下；重症发即刻静注2-5mg,以后1-2mg／次，隔15－30分钟1次<br />
| width="12%" height="224" valign="top" |<br />
每次最大0.03-0.05mg/kg（[[休克]]早期必要时15分钟1次<br />
| width="21%" height="224" valign="top" |<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="3" width="17%" height="231" valign="top" |<br />
[[依地酸钙钠]](Calcii Natrii Edetas)(EDTACaNa)<br />
| rowspan="3" width="14%" height="231" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂5ml<br />
<br />
1g<br />
| width="9%" height="51" valign="top" |<br />
服内<br />
| width="27%" height="51" valign="top" |<br />
0.25-0.5g/<br />
<br />
次，1日2次<br />
| width="12%" height="51" valign="top" |<br />
<br />
| rowspan="3" width="21%" height="231" valign="top" |<br />
[[肾脏]]病患者忌用；慢性患者停药后2-4日后再给药3-5日，一般可用3-4个疗程<br />
|-<br />
| width="9%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
静注<br />
| width="27%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
0.25-0.5次，1日1次<br />
| width="12%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| width="9%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
静滴<br />
| width="27%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
0.5-1g/d，1日1次<br />
| width="12%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
每次－25mg/kg，1日2次，1疗程3-5日，每日不超过70mg/kg<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
半胶氯酸(Cysteime)<br />
| width="14%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
注射用粉针<br />
<br />
0.1g<br />
| width="9%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
肌注<br />
| width="27%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
0.1-0.2g/次1-2次/日<br />
| width="12%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="80" valign="top" |<br />
注射前将粉针溶于所附的[[磷酸氢二钠]]缓冲剂<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="96" valign="top" |<br />
[[细胞色素C]]<br />
<br />
(Cytochrome)<br />
| width="14%" height="96" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
2ml<br />
<br />
15mg<br />
| width="9%" height="96" valign="top" |<br />
静注或静滴<br />
| width="27%" height="96" valign="top" |<br />
15－30mg／次<br />
<br />
1日－2次<br />
| width="12%" height="96" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="96" valign="top" |<br />
用于[[安眠药]]及[[一氧化碳中毒]]等；用前须做过每敏试验<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
[[二巯基丙醇]](DIMERCAPROLUM)(BAL)<br />
| width="14%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂1ml<br />
<br />
0.1mg<br />
<br />
2ml<br />
<br />
0.2mg<br />
| width="9%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
| width="27%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
开始2日每次－4mg／kg，4-6小时1次，第3日－8小时，次，以后12小时1次，1疗程7－14天<br />
| width="12%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
参考成人<br />
| width="21%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
严重[[肝功能]]减退者慎用<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" width="17%" height="82" valign="top" |<br />
[[依地酸二钠]](Disodium Edetate) (EDTA-2[[Na]])<br />
| rowspan="2" width="14%" height="82" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
1g<br />
| width="9%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
静注<br />
| width="27%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
1－3g／次<br />
| width="12%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
<br />
| rowspan="2" width="21%" height="82" valign="top" |<br />
用于[[洋地黄中毒]]不宜单独用于[[金属离子]][[中毒]]<br />
|-<br />
| width="9%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
静滴<br />
| width="27%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
4-6g／次<br />
| width="12%" height="32" valign="top" |<br />
<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
[[葡萄糖醛酸内酯]](Glucurolactone)<br />
| width="14%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
注射液2ml1.0g<br />
| width="9%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
皮下肌内或静注<br />
| width="27%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
0.1g-0.2g/次1日－2次<br />
| width="12%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="152" valign="top" |<br />
[[谷胱甘肽]]<br />
<br />
（Glutathkion）<br />
| width="14%" height="152" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
| width="9%" height="152" valign="top" |<br />
肌注或静注<br />
| width="27%" height="152" valign="top" |<br />
50－100mg／次1－2次／日<br />
| width="12%" height="152" valign="top" |<br />
参考成人<br />
| width="21%" height="152" valign="top" |<br />
本品不得与VB<sub>12</sub>、VK<sub>3</sub>[[泛酸钙]]、[[乳清酸]]、抗组胺制剂，[[磺胺]]制剂及[[四环素]]混用<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="191" valign="top" |<br />
[[巯乙胺]](Mercaptamjine)<br />
| width="14%" height="191" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
2ml<br />
<br />
0.2g<br />
<br />
片剂<br />
<br />
0.2g<br />
<br />
0.3g<br />
| width="9%" height="191" valign="top" |<br />
静注肌注口服<br />
| width="27%" height="191" valign="top" |<br />
[[急性中毒]]0.2g/次1-2次/日<br />
<br />
慢性中毒<br />
<br />
0.2g/次/日<br />
<br />
10-20日疗程<br />
| width="12%" height="191" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="191" valign="top" |<br />
用于金属<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="128" valign="top" |<br />
[[亚甲蓝]]（[[美蓝]]）(Methyleneblue)<br />
| width="14%" height="128" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
2ml<br />
<br />
20mg<br />
| width="9%" height="128" valign="top" |<br />
静注<br />
| width="27%" height="128" valign="top" |<br />
氯化物中毒每次mg/kg肠原[[紫绀]]1-2mg/kg/次<br />
| width="12%" height="128" valign="top" |<br />
同成人<br />
| width="21%" height="128" valign="top" |<br />
以25%[[葡萄]]液稀释后缓缓注入氰化物中毒时,应与[[硫酸钠]]效替作用<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="156" valign="top" |<br />
[[丙烯吗啡]](Nalorphine)<br />
| width="14%" height="156" valign="top" |<br />
注射液<br />
<br />
1ml<br />
<br />
5mg<br />
<br />
2ml<br />
<br />
10gm<br />
| width="9%" height="156" valign="top" |<br />
静注肌注皮下<br />
| width="27%" height="156" valign="top" |<br />
5-10mg／次<br />
<br />
必要时10-15min再注射<br />
| width="12%" height="156" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="156" valign="top" |<br />
对抗吗啡<br />
<br />
[[哌替啶]]中毒<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
[[纳络酮]](Nalorphine)<br />
| width="14%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
注射液<br />
<br />
0.4mg<br />
| width="9%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
肌注<br />
<br />
静注<br />
| width="27%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
0.4-0.8mg／次<br />
| width="12%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
可增加急性中毒的[[呼吸抑制]]病人的[[呼吸]]频率,并对抗[[镇静]]作用及使[[血压上升]]<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
[[盐酸]][[烯丙吗啡]](Nalorphine Hydrochloridum)(Anarcon)<br />
| width="14%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
1ml<br />
<br />
10mg<br />
| width="9%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
皮下肌内或静注<br />
| width="27%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
5-10mg／次<br />
<br />
需要时10-15分钟后重复注射一次，总量不超过40mg<br />
| width="12%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
0.1-0.3mg/kg/次<br />
| width="21%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
用于吗啡及人工合成[[镇痛药]]的急性中毒辣,对[[巴比妥]]类及[[麻醉药]]所致的呼吸制无效<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="64" valign="top" |<br />
[[青霉胺]]_Penicillamide)<br />
| width="14%" height="64" valign="top" |<br />
片剂<br />
<br />
0.1g<br />
| width="9%" height="64" valign="top" |<br />
口服<br />
| width="27%" height="64" valign="top" |<br />
铅、[[汞中毒]]0.25g次，4次／日、5-7日疗程<br />
| width="12%" height="64" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="64" valign="top" |<br />
服药前做事[[青霉素皮试]]<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="137" valign="top" |<br />
五醋三胺(Pentetecacid)<br />
| width="14%" height="137" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂0.25g<br />
<br />
0.5g<br />
<br />
1.0g<br />
| width="9%" height="137" valign="top" |<br />
静注<br />
<br />
肌注<br />
| width="27%" height="137" valign="top" |<br />
0.5－0.4g/d<br />
<br />
2-3次／周<br />
<br />
0.25-0.5g／次<br />
<br />
3日疗程<br />
| width="12%" height="137" valign="top" |<br />
| width="21%" height="137" valign="top" |<br />
用于铅、铁、钴、[[铬中毒]]，也可治疗钚、钇等放射元素损伤<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="288" valign="top" |<br />
印[[防已]][[毒素]](Picrotoxinum)<br />
| width="14%" height="288" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
1ml<br />
<br />
3mg<br />
| width="9%" height="288" valign="top" |<br />
肌内或静注<br />
| width="27%" height="288" valign="top" |<br />
1-3mg／次<br />
<br />
每20分钟重复注射1次直至[[角膜反射]]恢复。<br />
| width="12%" height="288" valign="top" |<br />
0.1-0.<br />
<br />
3mg/kg/次<br />
| width="21%" height="288" valign="top" |<br />
兴奋呼吸及[[血管]]运动中枢，中量时兴奋[[大脑]]及俏髓，为较强的[[中枢兴奋药]]用于巴比妥类中毒辣。如引起[[惊厥]]，可静注短时作用的巴比妥类对抗之。忌用[[吗啡中毒]]<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
[[解磷定]](Pyraloximi Methiodide)<br />
<br />
(PAM)<br />
| width="14%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
20ml<br />
<br />
0.5g<br />
| width="9%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
静注或静滴<br />
| width="27%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
一般0.5-1g／次，必要时可在1－2小时后重复注射1次重症：1-2g加入[[生理盐水]]500-1000ml静滴<br />
| width="12%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
每次—30mg/kg(25-50mg/ml<br />
| width="21%" height="144" valign="top" |<br />
忌与碱性药物[[配体]]，本品含碘具有碘的[[不良反应]]，现少用<br />
|-<br />
| rowspan="2" width="17%" height="240" valign="top" |<br />
氯磷定（Pyraloximi Methyl-Chloride）<br />
| rowspan="2" width="14%" height="240" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
2ml<br />
<br />
0.25g<br />
<br />
2ml<br />
<br />
0.5g<br />
| width="9%" height="69" valign="top" |<br />
肌内<br />
| width="27%" height="69" valign="top" |<br />
<br />
| width="12%" height="69" valign="top" |<br />
每次-15mg/kg余同成人<br />
| rowspan="2" width="21%" height="240" valign="top" |<br />
总量不宜超过10g（重症例外）；对1059、1065、[[敌百虫]]、[[敌敌畏]]等中毒48小时后本品无效，可用[[阿托品]]解毒；忌与碱性药物[[配伍]]<br />
|-<br />
| width="9%" height="153" valign="top" |<br />
静注<br />
| width="27%" height="153" valign="top" |<br />
0.5-0.75g／次，用[[注射用水]]10-20ml稀释，如不好转，半小时生重复注射半量<br />
| width="12%" height="153" valign="top" |<br />
每次－30mg/kg余同成人<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
二颈基[[丁二酸]]钠(Sodium Dimer-capto-Succinate<br />
| width="14%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
0.5g<br />
<br />
1g<br />
| width="9%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
静注<br />
| width="27%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
1-2g／次，1日－3次慢性中毒：每日／次g<br />
| width="12%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
同成人或减量<br />
| width="21%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
作用似BAL，但对锑盐效力较BAL约强10倍<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
亚销酸钠(Sodium Nitrite)<br />
| width="14%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
10ml<br />
<br />
0.3g<br />
| width="9%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
静注<br />
| width="27%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
0.3-0.5g／次，于5-10分钟内注入<br />
| width="12%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
6-10mg/gk/次<br />
| width="21%" height="86" valign="top" |<br />
|-<br />
| width="17%" height="182" valign="top" |<br />
硫代硫酸钠Natrii Thiosulfas<br />
| width="14%" height="182" valign="top" |<br />
注射剂<br />
<br />
0.32g<br />
<br />
0.64g<br />
| width="9%" height="182" valign="top" |<br />
肌内<br />
<br />
或<br />
<br />
静注<br />
| width="27%" height="182" valign="top" |<br />
砷、汞、铅、铋、碘中毒0.5g-1g／次，氰化物中毒12.5-25g／次<br />
<br />
1日1次<br />
<br />
连用3-5日<br />
| width="12%" height="182" valign="top" |<br />
砷、汞、铅、铋、碘中毒：10-20mg/kg/次0.25-0.5g，1日1次<br />
| width="21%" height="182" valign="top" |<br />
一般生理盐水溶解成5-10％应用；氰化物急性中毒用25－50％溶液于10内注入<br />
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[[双复磷]](Toxogoninum)(DMO4.LuH<sub>6</sub>)<br />
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注射剂<br />
<br />
2ml<br />
<br />
0.25g<br />
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肌内<br />
<br />
或<br />
<br />
静注<br />
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0.125-0.75g／次，2-4小时重复1次<br />
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较重病情必须合用阿托品；本品作用较强，并能通过[[血脑屏障]]<br />
|-<br />
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[[双解磷]](Trimedoximum)(TMB<sub>4</sub>)<br />
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注射剂<br />
<br />
1.5g<br />
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肌内<br />
<br />
或<br />
<br />
静注<br />
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0.15-0.45g／次，肌内，必要时继续4小时给药1次，0.15g／次，重症0.3-0.75g缓慢静注，以后每4小时0.3g／次，必要时静滴维持<br />
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作用较强而持久，但不能通过血脑障<br />
|-<br />
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[[蝮蛇抗毒血清]]<br />
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注射剂<br />
<br />
10ml<br />
<br />
8000<br />
<br />
单位<br />
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静注<br />
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10ml／次<br />
<br />
20-40ml生理盐水或25－50％[[葡萄糖]]稀释<br />
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注射前皮试取本品0.1ml加1.9ml生理盐水稀释后皮下注0.1ml<br />
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[[南通蛇药]]<br />
| rowspan="2" width="14%" height="114" valign="top" |<br />
片剂<br />
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口服<br />
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首次20片，以后每6小时服10片，重症30－40片<br />
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<br />
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<br />
|-<br />
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外敷<br />
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<br />
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按成人量酌减<br />
|-<br />
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[[上海蛇药]]<br />
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片剂<br />
| width="9%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
口服<br />
| width="27%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
首次10片，以后5片／次，4小时1次，1疗程3-5日<br />
| width="12%" height="112" valign="top" |<br />
按成人量酌减<br />
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片剂与[[冲剂]]保用疗效更好；注射剂1号和2号必须结合使用<br />
|-<br />
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上海蛇药<br />
| width="14%" height="71" valign="top" |<br />
片剂每包26g<br />
| width="9%" height="71" valign="top" |<br />
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首次2包，以生1包／次，1日3次<br />
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按成人量酌减<br />
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1号静滴时用5-10％葡萄糖液500ml稀释后滴入；静注时用25-50%<br />
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